The Korean Repository. Weekly Edition. Vol. 1
.
No. XIII. Thursday, May 4, 1899.

ATHLETIC SPORTS.

The third annual Athletic Sports by the Foreign Language Schools took place last Saturday afternoon at the old drill ground in the eastern part of the city. The sports were held under the patronage of the Minister of Education, the Hon. Min Pyeng Suk. Six schools were represented, each school having its own color.

Chinese—orange

English—red

French—yellow

German —purple

Japanese—blue

Russian—green.

The starters and judges ware Dr. E. H. Baldock, Lieut K L. Mayhew, H. A. Ottewill, Esq., Rev. A. B. Turner, W. F. Sands, Esq., S. Wakefield, and S. Woo Esq., assisted by members of the British guard. The program was divided into two parts as follows.

 

I.

1. Weights.

2. 200 YARDS—Senior.

3. 200 YARDS—Juniors.

4. LONG JUMP

5. WRESTLING— 1st Heat.

6. 400 YARDS.

7. HIGH JUMP—Juniors.

8. TUG-OF-WAR—1st Heat.

II

9. 100 YARDS—Seniors.

10. 100 YARDS—Juniors.

11. WRESTLING—2nd Heat.

12. HIGH JUMP—Seniors.

13. TUG-of-WAR—2nd Heat.

14. STRANGERS RACE.

15. TUG-of-WAR—3rd Heat.

16. DONKEY RACE.

Long before the hour for beginning the sports, an immense crowd gathered. This is the first good opportunity Seoul had for coming together since the diurnal and nocturnal meetings last fall. The people made the most of the opportunity. The large pavilion was beautifully draped with the flags of the several treaty powers-High officials and government clerks; foreign diplomats and foreign ladies were in attendance; ice-cream and Tansan, to say nothing of the counter only too liberally patronized provided for the wants of the inner man. The presence and extensive use, on such an occasions of strong drinks seems to us incongruous and to be deprecated.

The several schools entered the sports with enthusiasm. We are indebted to the courtesy of one of the pupils of the English school for the following results of the contests: 200 yards race—(Seniors)—first, Yi In-kiu, French; second, Tai Suk-hun, Russian; third, Yi ki-yong; Russian;

 200 yards race—(Juniors)—first, Yi kung-man, French; second, Whang chong-sok, Russian; third Aw yun kun, Russian.

Wrestling—first, Yu pong-chin, French; second, Kim hah-sik, Chinese; third, Yi chin-teh, Japanese.

Long jump—first, Cho che-sung, Chinese; second, Yi In-kui, French; third, Yi kung-man, French.

440 yards race—first, Yi In-kui, French; second, Tai suk-hun, Russian; third, Chang eui-kun, English; fourth, Cho che-sung, Chinese.

High jump—(Juniors)—first Whang chong-sok, Russian; second, Yi kung-man, French; third, An il soon, English.

Tug-of-War—the French Language scholars.

100 yards race—(Seniors)—first Tai suk-hun, Russian; second, Yi In-kui, French; third, Cho che-sung, Chinese.

100 yards race—(Juniors)—first, Han chai-duk, French; second, Song hun-kwan, Chinese, third, Roh hui-won, English.

Weight—first, Chung eui-kun, English; second, Yi In-kui, French; third, Yu pong-chin, French.

High jump—(Seniors) first Yi in-kui French; second, Im si-up, French; third, Tai suk-hun, Russian.

Stranger’s race—first, Mayhew; second, Matthews, third Ottewill.

Korean teacher’s race—first, Kim pok-tong English; second, Kim nam sik, Chinese; third, Yi han-eung, English.

Donkey race—first, Chung sang-cio, Japanese; second, Kim piung-hup,Chinese; third, Yi ki-pong, English; last, Pak yu-kwang, English.

 

THE TROUBLE AT CHEMULPO.

In our last issue we noted the outbreak of trouble between Koreans and Japanese at Chemulpo. Since then the excitement has not subsided and has rather been increased. The meeting which was in progress last week was held at the call of the local authorities over the twelve wards of Chemulpo. It was an orderly one and simply threatened a general strike of all Koreans in the employ of Japanese unless justice was done. They sent a messenger out to the bosses of the coolies on the railroad to notify them that a strike was imminent, but the messenger got thrashed by the Japanese on the railroad and had his hat broken. Finally the people’s meeting was dismissed by an imperial rescript which promised them justice within a certain period.

In the meantime the Korean Kamni and the Japanese Consul have been hard at work on the problem and as the time of truce expired to-day the twelve wards are now assembling in front of the Kamni’s yamun to hear his report and concert measures. All sorts of rumors are in circulation but they are nearly all false. It is said that if justice (whatever is meant by that) is not done the Koreans will attack the general foreign settlement. This is absurd for there is a Japanese gun-boat in the harbor and the Koreans know it.

The whole question is a badly entangled one. It is claimed by the Koreans that of the original price agreed to by Mr. Okura, which was 2,300 yen, only, 800 yen has been paid. The Kamni claims that no legal papers covering the sale have been issued by his yamun. The matter has been before the Korean Foreign Office and they ordered the Koreans to return to Mr. Okura the 800 yen paid, and declare the sale off. But the Koreans say that even if they were to be deprived of the land the act of attacking them in the night, destroying not only their houses but their furniture and injuring their persons was a high handed and lawless one, a violation of all international law, and they demand redress.

But to further complicate the question, there is a prior claim to owner-ship in the land on the part of one of the German residents of Chemulpo. The following letter which reached us too late for our issue of last week is here given as throwing light on this phase of the question:

 

CHEMULPO, April 26, 1799.

THE EDITORS KOREAN REPOSITORY:

DEAR SIRS—Will you give space in your paper for the following news from . Chemulpo. The Koreans here are in open retaliation against foreigners in general and Japanese in particular. On the 21st at 3 a. m. a Japanese named Mr. Okura with 150 Japanese coolies began to break down houses in the part of the Korean settlement caked Tok po. Now these houses are on ground which has belonged to a European since 1889 and it was only in 1897 that he obtained false title deeds fraudulently from Kim chu-sa. A Korean boatman named Nom received $200 to act as the owner of the land and Kim received $400 for his part in the transaction. Both Kim chu-sa and Mr. Okura knew that said ground had been owned by a foreigner since 1889 as the former was present with the Korean magistrate when the foreigner set up his boundary stones in 1890.

This may cause serious trouble here; all Korean shops are closed and coolies are not permitted to work; Kim chu-sa has been placed in jail. He tried to to commit suicide and has been handcuffed and his feet put in irons. The false land owner has refunded the $200 and it is hoped that this matter will be settled and justice served out to the European and rightful owner. F. H. MORSEL.

About 300 Koreans are assembled in front of the Yamen. The report is that the Japanese claim lawful ownership and demand the land. The government can do nothing in the matter so it is said that the Kamni has personally agreed to indemnify the Koreans in the sum of 1,000 yen.

 

ANOTHER ACCOUNT.

CHEMULPO, 26th April, 1899.

All the Koreans at this pert are an strike.

About, three years ago, a Japanese bought a piece of land with four houses on it in Korean town; from time to time the original owners have promised to move out in a month or so; the Kamni was also applied to several times, and always promised to get the people out, until a recent interview when he informed the Japanese owner that the original owners refused to move, and that he, the Kamni, was powerless to make them.

Thereupon the Japanese gave the tenants three days grace to quit, as he was going to pull down the houses and build new ones. The tenants still refused to move, so four days ago the Japanese took with him 50 Japanese coolies and demolished the houses and turned the tenants off the land.

Today in consequence the Koreans are boycotting both Japanese and Chinese, Korean pickets are stationed outside the settlement boundaries who prevent their fellows from coming into the settlement to their usual duties; the market people refuse to sell food or anything to Japanese or Chinese. There is not a Korean to be seen in the foreign settlements.

The steamships Higo and Sendai are expected today, and they will probably have some bother in landing their cargo as the Korean coolies are on a strike.

Mr. Commissioner Chalmers left here yesterday for Kunsan, in company with Mr. Assistant Nakabrashi. Mr. Chalmers returns in about three weeks leaving Mr. Nakabiashi in charge.

 

ANNUITY GOES ON.

It gives us great pleasure to learn that the widow of the late stevedore Wong Hichi, or “Joe” whose death we recently noticed, has notified her intention to continue the annuity always sent by her husband to the missionary lady who first started him in life. This lady lost her all through the failure of a bank, and it was Joe s custom to remit her $700 a year, and this allowance will be continued, and does the widow and her country honour—Peking and Tien-tsin Times.

 

QUEEN VICTORIA TO PRES. MCKINLEY.

The following telegram was sent by Queen Victoria to President McKinley: “President, United States. I thank you sincerely and the American nation for the honors paid to the memory of Lord Herschell and for the friendly sympathy shown with my country in its bereavement.—Victoria.

 

JAPAN’S FOREIGN POLICY.

Marquis Ito, the foremost statesman in Japan to-day, in a speech recently in Nagano is reported by the Japan Times to have said touching upon the foreign policy of his country, “Of all the questions in the domain of foreign politics, the most important to Japan were those relating to China and Korea; the critical condition of affairs in those countries demanding more imperatively than ever the preservation of a united front on the part of the Japanese people.”

 

P. A. G., whose “Stray Notes” in the Kobe Chronicle are always interesting and sometimes very funny comments on our find of a silver spoon in the following strain:

There has been a silver spoon found at Seoul bearing the initials “A. M. F.” or “A. M. T.” and the find is honoured with a paragraph in the Korean Repository, which solemnly remarks that the spoon is at the “Trilingual Press Office.” Babies born in the neighbourhood of a Trilingual Press doubtless have their mouths full enough without the traditional silver spoon, and if the owner cannot be founf, perhaps the Trilingual Press will be good enough to send the spoon on to me as a mark of respect and esteem.

The paragraph did not say the spoon was found “in the neighborhood of a Trilingual Press” and we regret to say the owner saw our notice and promptly claimed the lost article. We beg to send our compliments to this new aspirant for spoons.

In the same issue F. A. G. thinks it is a very round-about way for the Japanese Post Office “to send missives from Yokohama to Kobe via Korea” wherein he is right again.

 

SIN THE SQUEEZER.

The North China Herald for April 17th honors us with four columns of an excellent editorial review of this distinguished one time Korean official. The editorial begins as follows: “The contributions to THE REPOSITORY of the writer who uses the signature ‘X’ are always welcome. Observations and humor are admirably mingled in their composition, and we are glad to know that in this case ‘X’ is not an unknown quantity, and that several of 4, his articles have been reprinted in a volume entitled “Korean Sketehes”. * * * As THE REPOSITORY in a notice of his book says: “Good natured, eyes wide open, the author sees everything and makes the reader feel a warmth and glow for Korea and her people we have not found in any book we have read on this country: His contribution to the recently. published November number of THE REPOSITORY is entitled ‘Sin the Squeezer’ and is an English version of one of the many Korean traditional tales of how rascally officials have by smart tricks and cunning expedients contrived to hoodwink or outwit the higher officials and to cover up their evil deeds and thus escape the punishment they so richly deserved.’ The story of Sin is rather a long one, and it is to be feared that in compressing it into a column we shall miss much that is good in but it is an excellent tale both intrinsically, and as an illustration of the burlesque exaggeration of Chinese methods of govermnent with which poor Korea is oppressed.” The editor concludes his very admirable review by saying: “It is one virtue of ‘X’ that he does not feel bound to tag a moral onto these delightful old folk-stories.” We wish to say that the author of these charming stories of Korean folk-lore and the author of “Korean Sketches” are different persons.

 

THE GUARD ONCE MORE.

The guard during the past week encamped only part of the time in Mr. Kenmure’s front gate. Last Sunday afternoon when the Pyeng-yang braves put the Seoul braves to flight, the guard was well up the hill toward the west gate and the usual gravitation for the shelter of our neighbor’s gate for the time being was not so manifest.

 

ORACULAR.

The Yorodzu Choho a Japanese newspaper whose editor causes a great deal of amusement by his oracular comments on current events in his own country, takes up the recent dismissal of two cabinet ministers and after a brief statement of the case, delivers himself in the following manner. “Tho nothing remarkable appears on the surface, a keen struggle is being steadily and quietly waged in Korea between Russia and Japan. It is like the sport of sea-saw, this game that is played between the two Powers. At one time, Japan is up and after a time of ascendency, is down again. At another, Russia pops up her head and then down it goes. The latest cabinet change in Seoul is another ascendency of the Damian influence. While, however, these ups and downs of the Japanese and Russian influences are going on, Korea is gradually weakening, and things in that kingdom, under the instability of its government, are going from bad to worse. In a word, Korea will sooner or later die of herself and fall into the hands of either of the two Powers. Which Power it will be that is destined to rule Korea, it is not easy to prophesy, but, unless Japanese statesmen are not wide awake to the Russian movements, the Peninsular Kingdom may become a Russian province in no distant future.”

 

BACK NUMBERS.

Nearly every week we are in receipt of a communication from some one asking us to send THE WEEKLY from the beginning. The consequence is we shall soon be out of back numbers. If any of our subscribers have failed to receive any numbers and desire to complete their file they had better notify us soon or we shalt be unable to accommodate them.

 

WAR DRAWING TO A CLOSE.

The Manila Times of April 1st in a review of the situation announces that General MacArthur has made a very decided advance. The American forces tried to get a decided engagement out of the Filipinos. The insurgents were forced back to Malolos the last week in March, where it was expected they would make a stand but the following extract shows how the Americans were disappointed in the capture of the insurgent capital on March 31:

Friday was a dreadful disappointment. After all the great expectations of a desperate “fight to the finish,” and all the great preparations to do justice to the occasion the rebels cleared out of Malolos at day-light, leaving only a few men to fire an occasional shot or two by way of keeping up appearances. By the time the Americans began to move on Malolos, the rebels were “over the hills and far away,” laughing heartily, no doubt, at the way they fooled the Americans. Col. Funton and the Kansas Regiment were first to enter about 11 o’clock. Only a few shots were fired by the retreating enemy for half an hour, during which 14 Americans were wounded and one killed while entering Malolos. It is reported that the enemy have retreated to Calumpit, about six miles further up the railroad. The Americans found fine trenches in Malolos, but entirely deserted. Malolos was all burned by the rebels except a few substantially built structures. The insurgent government buildings (old convent) were destroyed. Another report is that the rebels have retired to San Isidro. There is a San Isidro about six miles northeast of Malolos, near the great swamp of Candaba.

The Hongkong Telegraph in a dispatch dated at Manila April reports as follows:

 Yesterday Dewey’s ships shelled Paranaqur and Bacoor, while General Hall’s brigade engaged the enemy near the waterworks, succeeding, after a desperate fight, in preventing the insurgents in that part of the country from joining forces with main body of Aguinaldo’s troops near Malolos.

 

FROM WONSAN.

Mr Oieson started on April 21st for Song-ju, the harbor of Kil-ju, to open it as a port to foreign trade.

Since the arrival of Mr. Yun the grounds in front and about the superintendents’ yamen that were formerly a region of desolation have undergone a change. They are now a delight to every foreigner and ought to prove a balm to even the most jaundiced conservative eye.

The people of Takwon, like the region in front of the yamen, are enjoying order and cleanliness in official administration.

 

A BRAWL AND A FLIGHT.

Last Sunday afternoon a few soldiers from Pyeng-yang got into a wrangle with the soldiers of the capital. Both were under the influence of liquor it is said and the Seoul men assumed lordly airs over the braves from the northern capital. The Pyengyang men stood their ground by the use of stones. When it comes to throwing stones they take high rank and it was not long until the Seoul braves made a mad rush, as an eyewitness said, “for the first hole he could get into.” A dozen or more men cleaned out the whole guard in front of the palace driving them up “as far as the Paichai school,” to use the words of a native paper. The result of the fracas was an application to place ten wounded men into the Government hospital five Seoul and five Pyeng-yang. The honors were equally divided in this respect. A Pyeng yang man received a flesh wound in the back and another a bayonet wound in the chest. A Seoul man broke his leg and several showed effects of the stones used. All are doing well under the treatment of Dr. Eva H. Field. The less you say of bravery the better. One of the most common sights on the streets of the capital is that of drunken soldiers. No discipline, absence of authority, higher pay, the people are apprehensive of trouble.

 

CITY AND COUNTRY.

Last Sunday was Russian Easter.

A daughter was born to Dr. and Mrs. Wells of Pyeng-yang on the 3d inst. We extend congratulations.

We are happy to welcome back to Seoul again the Hon. P. A. Dmitrevsky, recently Russian Consul-General at Shanghai. Mr. Dmitrevsky was Charge d’Affaires here five years ago and he comes again to take charge of the Legation in place of Mr. Pavlow who returned to Russia on furlo.

Rev. W. D. Reynolds of Chunju arrived in Seoul last Friday. Rev. J. S. Gale of  Wonsan arrived on Monday afternoon. Both are members of the Board of Translators of the Scriptures. The Rev. M. N. Trollope of the English Church Mission, tho on the Board, is not able to attend. The Board began its sessions on the 1st inst. and is at work on the gospel of Luke.

On account of a break in the machinery at the power house of the Electric Railway the formal opening was postponed from Monday to a date to be announced later. We understand the announcement of the opening of the railway attracted many people from the country to the city. Naturally these were disappointed.


THE AMERICAN SOLDIER IN THE PHILIPPINES.
An English Naval doctor, who accompanied the American troops in the capture of the Insurgent government headquarters at Malolos as a guest of Major Schiel’s Brigade-Surgeon on the staff of General Wheaton, recounts his experiences concisely but in detail in the Hongkong Daily Press. It is an Interesting narrative, and from it we take the following:—
With regard to the shooting of the rebels. I can only describe it as accurately inaccurate Their missiles always seem to pass 20 yards above the object they aim at. Were someone to lower their sights, or instruct them to aim at the ground some 30 yards in front of the enemy, their shooing would be deadly.
There is a great deal of difference between the American soldier and our own. As individuals, I look upon the former both physically and mentally as our superiors; collectively as distinctly inferior. Put in another way, the American soldier is better, probably, than the English, but an English regiment is better than an American. A typical soldier should be, speaking broadly, a non-thinking unit of an organized whole; he should be one of the wheels within wheels of a complicated machine, ready to obey in an instant the order of the officer immediately over him, without any private opinion he himself may entertain as to the utility or inutility of the order. Now the American soldier is not this; he discusses and criticises the tactics of the general with as much freedom as his would the weather. Another point with which one is particularly struck is the absolute indifference to danger amounting at times to a callous recklessness. Before the line advanced from Ca’oocan the soldiers might have been seen playing baseball, though fully exposed to the fire of the rebel trenches. Every two or three days a life was lost through mere carelessness. On asking one of the men why he so exposed himself, he said : "Well, we've been in these trenches now for some six weeks and have got tired of dodging bullets" I was taking a photograph of a group of soldiers one day last week and was in the act of focusing on the ground glass, when a rebel fired at either me or the camera. The bullet went through the bush I was standing in, between the legs of the camera and into the earth just beyond. This being the first time I had experienced the whistle of a bullet within seven inches of my face, I am not ashamed to confess that I was somewhat discomposed, and could not prevent an involuntary ejaculation and start. Unfortunately I tripped and fell over the camera. The soldiers seeing what had happened rushed up to me thinking I was hit and when they saw how matters stood they burst out into the most unceremonious laughter. Said one of them: “Guess that was a sharpshooter who mistook the spout of your picture machine for the muzzle of a diarrhoea gun." The latter I take to be the equivalent of a gatling gun.

STEAM SERVICE ON THE NORTHERN KOREAN COAST.
According to a letter dated Gensan, the 27th ult. a Korean merchant living in Fusan has chartered from the Japanese a steamer named Hideyoshi Maru, 466 registered tonnage, and started carrying trade along the northern coast of Korea where the two steamers owned by the Korean Mail Steamship Company are running regular service. The first trip by the chartered steamer was made on Febuary 24, and as she has secured permission to convey nail matters of the Imperial Japanese Post no mall convenience is being felt by the Japanese residents in Northern Korea. The steamer has also arranged for regular transportation for cargo between Kobe and Osaka on one hand and the northern coast of Korea on the other. The crew consists entirely of Japanese.


DENTAL NOTICE.
DR. HAROLD SLADE, resident dentist of Kobe, Japan is visiting Seoul professionally and may be consulted for a short period at the same compound in which he saw patients last year in Chong Dong and now occupied by Mr. W. H. Emberley.
Office hours 8:30 a. m. till 4:30 p. m. Examinations made at 11:30 a. m. and 4:30 p. m.
Patients desiring dental work will kindly consult Dr Slade at as early a date as possible to avoid disappointment as his stay here is limited.
Thursday, May 4th, 1890.

NOTICE. I beg to notify the public that I have taken over the store kept by Mr. J. Gaillard Jne. and I take this opportunity to solicit the continuance of their patronage.
J. T. CIACINTI.
CHEMULPO


VERY WELCOME NEWS
The following item is quoted from the Hongkong Telegraph and we sincerely hope that it si true and that Korean lines will be affected thereby: “The Board of Directors of the Nippon Yusen Kaisha held a meeting on the 18t h ult. and adopted a resolution to lower the passenger fares of coasting steamers by ten per cent., and to raise the rates on the foreign service by five per cent.

TELEGRAPHIC NEWS
(From other papers)
The Philippine War
Fourteen thousand fresh regulars have been ordered to the Philippines and will proceed there as soon as the trasports are ready to receive them.
The Americans are forming a flying squadron for the beginning of a new campaign, with the object of clearing the Filipinos out of the jungle north of Manila.
Duke of Devonshire Regiment
A London dispatch of April 21 says that the Duke of Devonshire, speaking at a meeting of the London Chamber of Commerce, stated that the Government did not desire to precipitate a crisis in China, but was endeavouring to secure her due share of the unoccupied parts of the world. The Government desired to draw closer the ties between the colonies and the mother country; hence its paramount duty was to make the army and navy strong enough to defend not only the British Isles, but also the colonies and foreign possessions.
Australian Federation Bill
The Australian Colonies Federation bill has been passed by the Legislative Council at Sydney.
American Captain Too Talkative
A sensation has been caused in the United States by speeches made at New York by Captain Coghlan, of the cruiser Raleigh, who repeated and accentuated the menacing messages sent by Admiral Dewey at the time of the Manila battle. Captain Coghlan has been rebuked by the Government and ordered to return to his ship immediately.
The German Ambassador to the United States has strongly protested against Captain Coghlan’s speech, and Mr. Hay, the Secretary of State, has expresed his disapproval of the speech and has intimated that the Admiralty will take action against Captain Coghlan. The German Press is moderate in its attituide, treating the speech as a post-prandial oration.
It appears that Captain Coghlan at the same banquet recited a coarse ballad about the Kaiser, but the German Ambassador disdains to notice it.
The Chinese Loan
The new Chinese five per cent. gold Loan [of 112,500,000 francs for the construction of the Peking-Han-kow Railway] has been nearly twice overed in France and Belgium
France and Siam
The Figaro states that by an agreement between the King of Siam and M. Dourmer the Governor or Indo-China, a French staff will be employed in the Public Works Department and the French language be taught. The Luang Prabang question has also been satidfactorily settled.
Great Britain in South Africa
A London dispatch of Aril 25 states that the Hon. Chamberlain, Secretary of State, defending the vote for barracks in South Africa, stated that the enormous increase in the offensive forces of the Transvaal Republic formed the sole reason for increasing the British garrison.

FILIPINO PROCLAMATION
The proclamation issued by the American Commissioners at Manila on the 4th of April assures the Filipinos of the cordial good will of the American Government, the aims of the Government being the well-being, prosperity, and happiness of the Philippine people, their elevation and advancement to a position among the most civilised people in the world.
It also sets forth in detail the means for the development of the islands, an declares there can be no real conflict between Americas sovereignty rights and the liberties of the Philippine people, for as the United States is ready to furnish the resources of a powerful nation to maintain its rightful supremacy over the islands. it is even more solicitous to spread peace and happiness and guarantee rightful freedom, so as to accustom the Philippine people to free self-government in an ever-increasing measure, and encourage those democratic aspirations, sentiments, and ideals which are a promise of potency and fruitful national development.
We give below quite an extended selection from the proclamation which shows that the commission is trying to solve the problems before them in a way in accord with the age. We doubt whether any other body of insurgents ever received such a proclamation from the government which they were fighting against:
It is the expectation of the Commission to visit the Philippine people in their respective Provinces , both for the purpose of cultivating a more intimate mutual acquaintance and also with a view to ascertaining from enlightened native opinion what form or forms of government seem best adapted to the Philippine peoples, most apt to conduce to their highest welfare, and most conformable to their customs, traditions, sentiments and cherished ideals. Both in the establishment and maintenance of government in the Philippine Islands it will be the policy of the United States to consult the views and wishes, and to secure the advice, coöperation and aid, of the Philippine people themselves. n the meantime the attention of the Philippine people is invited to certain regulative principles by which the United States will be guided in its relations with them. The following are deemed of cardinal importance:—

1. The supremacy of the United States must and will be enforced throughout every part of the archipelago, and those who resist it can accomplish no end other than their own ruin.

2. The most ample liberty of self-government will be granted to the Philippine people which is reconcilable with the maintenance of a wise, just, stable, effective and economical administration of public affairs, and compatible with the sovereign and international rights and obligations of the United States.

3. The civil rights of the Philippine people will be guaranteed and protected to the fullest extent; religious freedom assured, and all persons shall have an equal standing before the law.

4. Honour, justice and friendship forbid the use of the Philippine people or islands as an object or means of exploitation. The purpose of the American Government is the welfare and advancement of the Philippine people.

5. There shall be guaranteed to the Philippine people an honest and effective civil service, in which, to the fullest extent practicable, natives shall be employed.

6. The collection and application of taxes and revenues will be put upon a sound, honest and economical basis. Public funds, raised justly and collected honestly, will be applied only in defraying the regular and proper expenses incurred by and for the establishment and maintenance of the Philippine government, and for such general improvements as public interests may demand. Local funds, collected for local purposes, shall not be diverted to other ends. With such a prudent and honest fiscal administration, it is believed that the needs of the government will in a short time become compatible with a considerable reduction in taxation.

7. A pure, speedy and effective administration of justice will be established, whereby the evils of delay, corruption and exploitation will be effectually eradicated.

8. The construction of roads, railroads and other means of communication and transportation, as well as other public works of manifest advantage to the Philippine people, will be promoted.
 9. Domestic and foreign trade and commerce, agriculture and other industrial pursuits, and the general development of the country [980]in the interest of its inhabitants will be constant objects of solicitude and fostering care.

10. Effective provision will be made for the establishment of elementary schools in which the children of the people shall be educated. Appropriate facilities will also be provided for higher education.

11. Reforms in all departments of the government, in all branches of the public service and in all corporations closely touching the common life of the people must be undertaken without delay and effected, conformably to right and justice, in a way that will satisfy the well-founded demands and the highest sentiments and aspirations of the Philippine people.

Such is the spirit in which the United States comes to the people of the Philippine Islands. His Excellency, the President, has instructed the commission to make it publicly known. And in obeying this behest the commission desire to join with his Excellency, the President, in expressing their own good will toward the Philippine people, and to extend to their leading and representative men a cordial invitation to meet them for personal acquaintance and for the exchange of views and opinions.

WORLD AT LARGE
General Gomez was given an enthusiastic popular greeting when he entered Havana on Feb 24 It was the Cuban leader’s first visit to the capital since his expulsion eight years ago, and it was made the occasion of a notable tribute to his patritic valor in the cause of liberty.
The compromise army bill reported to the United States senate and which with some minor amendments has been passed provides for a standing army of 65 enlisted men, and the president is authorized to raise a force of not more than 35,000 volunteer troops but this volunteer force is to continue only during the necessity therefor and in no case after July, 1901.
The American residents in Chefoo sent an appeal to the San Francisco chamber of commerce requesting that a shipload of corn be sent for the relief of 2,000,000 people in Shan Tung province who are on the verge of starvations beecause of the unprecedented floods of the Yellow River.

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